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To cut through some of this confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to divide it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of a digital concept sort of like a virtual IOU. On the other hand, you have bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, like a bank or payment gateway. It's made and held electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, like dollars or euros theyre made by computers all around the planet, using free software.
It was the very first example of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing strength class which shares some characteristics of traditional currencies, together with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software programmer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, within an electronic payment method based on mathematical proof. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central power, that may be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable manner.
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Bitcoin can be used to pay for things electronically, if the two parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, which can also be traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It's maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run through an open network of dedicated servers spread around the world. This brings individuals and groups who are uncomfortable with the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin simplifies the double spending problem of electronic currencies (in which electronic assets can easily be replicated and re-used) via an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of the currency (and notably citizens with little alternative) keep the price.
While senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to abide by anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in theory function in semi-anonymity. Since there's absolutely no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is filed, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender gets the necessary bitcoin in addition to the authority to send them.
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In practice, every user is identified by the address of his or her pocket. Transactions can, with some effort, be tracked this way. Also, law enforcement has developed methods to identify consumers if necessary.
Furthermore, most exchanges are required by law to perform identity checks on their clients before they are permitted to buy or sell bitcoin, facilitating another manner that bitcoin usage can be tracked. Since the network is transparent, the progress of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there is no central adjudicator that can say okay, return the money. If a transaction is recorded on the network, and if more than an hour has passed, it's impossible to modify.
Even though this might disquiet a few, it will mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) at todays prices, about one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read more to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and how bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, in addition to how you can purchase, sell and save your bitcoin. In addition, we explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, as well as the way its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, the way you can get it and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this manual is for you. It will explain how the system operates, how you see this website can use it to your gain, which scams to avoid. It is going to also direct you to sources that will enable you to store and use your first parts of digital currency.